Laravel 9 Multiple Database Connections Example Tutorial

In this tutorial, we will tell you how to connect multiple databases with the Laravel Framework (Laravel 9 multiple database connections example tutorial). so we will learn to you how to connect multiple MySQL databases with laravel in this tutorial.

The laravel can easily handle the multiple databases and so we can easily access the multiple databases in the laravel. normally we handle a single database connection with Mysql and MongoDB. but we have a large amount of data. that handle for we have to need multiple database connections.

Let’s go we follow the below steps for how to connect multiple databases with laravel application.

Overview

Step 1: Setting Database Configuration
Step 2: Use the Env variable
Step 3: Create Table using Custom connection migration
Step 4: How can use with Model and Controller
Step 5: How can use with Query Builder

Step 1: Setting Database Configuration

we will open the .env file and set the first database and second database credentials detail in the .env file. See below changes in a .env file.

//for the first database
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=database1
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

// for the second database
DB_CONNECTION_SECOND=mysql
DB_HOST_SECOND=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT_SECOND=3306
DB_DATABASE_SECOND=database2
DB_USERNAME_SECOND=root
DB_PASSWORD_SECOND=root

//for the first database

DB_CONNECTION=mysql

DB_HOST=127.0.0.1

DB_PORT=3306

DB_DATABASE=database1

DB_USERNAME=root

DB_PASSWORD=root

// for the second database

DB_CONNECTION_SECOND=mysql

DB_HOST_SECOND=127.0.0.1

DB_PORT_SECOND=3306

DB_DATABASE_SECOND=database2

DB_USERNAME_SECOND=root

DB_PASSWORD_SECOND=root

Step 2: Use the Env variable

Now, we will use the constant env variable in database.php file. so see below code.

<?php
  
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
  
return [
   
    'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),
   
    'connections' => [
        .....
   
        'mysql' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'url' => env('DATABASE_URL'),
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
            'options' => extension_loaded('pdo_mysql') ? array_filter([
                PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA => env('MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA'),
            ]) : [],
        ],
        'mysql2' => [
            'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION_SECOND'),
            'host' => env('DB_HOST_SECOND', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT_SECOND', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_SECOND', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_SECOND', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_SECOND', ''),
            'unix_socket' => '',
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
        ],
.....    
?>

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return [

'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),

'connections' => [

.....

'mysql' => [

'driver' => 'mysql',

'url' => env('DATABASE_URL'),

'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),

'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),

'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),

'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),

'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),

'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),

'charset' => 'utf8mb4',

'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',

'prefix' => '',

'prefix_indexes' => true,

'strict' => true,

'engine' => null,

'options' => extension_loaded('pdo_mysql') ? array_filter([

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA => env('MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA'),

]) : [],

'mysql2' => [

'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION_SECOND'),

'host' => env('DB_HOST_SECOND', '127.0.0.1'),

'port' => env('DB_PORT_SECOND', '3306'),

'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_SECOND', 'forge'),

'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_SECOND', 'forge'),

'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_SECOND', ''),

'unix_socket' => '',

'charset' => 'utf8mb4',

'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',

'prefix' => '',

'prefix_indexes' => true,

'strict' => true,

'engine' => null,

.....

Step 3: Create Table using Custom connection migration

we can easily create the table using the custom connection migration. but here we have to set the particular connection name then we can create the custom migration.

<?php
...
public function up()
{
    Schema::connection('mysql2')->create('student', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('id');
        $table->string('first_name');
        $table->string('last_name');
        $table->string('email')->unique();
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}
...

?>

<?php

...

public function up()

{

Schema::connection('mysql2')->create('student', function (Blueprint $table) {

$table->increments('id');

$table->string('first_name');

$table->string('last_name');

$table->string('email')->unique();

$table->timestamps();

});

}

...

Step 4: How can use with Model and Controller

Student.php

<?php
   
namespace App;
  
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
   
class Student extends Model
{
    protected $connection = 'mysql2';
}

?>

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Student extends Model

{

protected $connection = 'mysql2';

}

StudentController.php

<?php
  
class StudentController extends BaseController
{
    public function student_detail()
    {
        $student = new Student;
        $student->setConnection('mysql2');
        $student_detail = $student->find(1);
        return $student_detail;
    }
}
?>

<?php

class StudentController extends BaseController

{

public function student_detail()

{

$student = new Student;

$student->setConnection('mysql2');

$student_detail = $student->find(1);

return $student_detail;

}

Step 5: How can use with Query Builder

$student_detail = DB::connection('mysql2')->table("student")->get();
print_r($student_detail);

1 2	$student_detail = DB::connection('mysql2')->table("student")->get(); print_r($student_detail);